Bihar’s Wetlands Power Ecology and Livelihoods as State Expands Ramsar Footprint

Wetlands, known as the "kidneys" of the earth, aren't limited to marshes, ponds, or lakes. They play a crucial role in maintaining environmental balance. These natural water bodies filter and purify polluted water, helping mitigate the effects of climate change. Wetlands in Bihar are not only environmentally important but also deeply connected to social and economic development.

A total of 4,526 wetlands larger than 2.25 hectares have been identified in the state, of which land verification has been completed for 4,316 wetlands. This data reflects the vastness of the state's aquatic ecosystems and the ongoing efforts to conserve them.

Wetlands are also a direct source of livelihood for millions of people. They are like a lifeline for a large population dependent on fisheries. Furthermore, the cultivation of cash crops like makhana, jute, and water chestnut is entirely dependent on the ecology of these wetlands. In this way, wetlands not only protect the environment but also strengthen the rural economy.

These wetlands also play a vital role in the conservation of biodiversity. Many wetlands in Bihar serve as major habitats for migratory birds from both India and abroad every year. These characteristics make the conservation and promotion of these areas extremely important.

Recently, three wetlands in Bihar were designated as Ramsar sites of international importance, bringing the total number of Ramsar sites in the state to six. These include Kanwar Lake in Begusarai, Nagi-Nakati Bird Sanctuary in Jamui, Gogabill Reservoir in Katihar, Gokul Reservoir in Buxar, and Udaipur Lake in West Champaran.

On the occasion of World Wetlands Day 2026, the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change presented special certificates for three Ramsar sites to S. Chandrashekhar, Member Secretary of the State Wetlands Authority.